Applying social cognitive career theory to the study abroad choice process.

Studying abroad during college is an educational choice that has significant implications for students' career, academic, and personal development. This study adapted the social cognitive models of career choice (Lent et al., 1994) and self-management (Lent & Brown, 2013) to examine predictors of study abroad interest and choice intentions. The psychometric properties of new and revised domain-specific measures of self-efficacy, outcome expectations, supports, and barriers were first assessed with an initial sample of 325 college students. The measures yielded an 8-factor structure and adequate reliability and validity estimates. The factor structure was cross-validated in an independent sample of students (N = 277). Support was also found for a higher order model of study abroad self-efficacy, with a single second order factor and three first order factors corresponding to cultural adjustment, decision-making, and administrative task self-efficacy. A structural path model offered good fit to the data and support for most of the paths predicting study abroad interests and intentions. We discuss directions for future research extending social cognitive career models to engagement in the study abroad experience and related academic/career behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Facilitating client collaboration and insight through interpretations and probes for insight in psychodynamic psychotherapy: A case study of one client with three successive therapists.

We investigated therapist interpretations (Ints) and probes for insight (PIs) in relation to changes in client collaboration and insight for 1 male client paired with 3 successive doctoral student therapists in psychodynamic psychotherapy for 192 sessions over 5 years. Judges coded client collaboration and insight in the antecedent and subsequent 3 min for all Ints and PIs in each of 6 middle sessions for each treatment. Qualitative analyses showed that PIs were more helpful than Ints for this defended client. More gains in collaboration were found when antecedent client collaboration was high, antecedent client insight was low, and therapists gave PIs instead of Ints, but no differences were found among therapists. More gains in insight were found when antecedent insight in a given session was higher than in other sessions with the same therapist, with Therapist 3 facilitating more insight than Therapist 1; no differences were found between Ints and PIs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Viewing the Career Indecision Profile within a theoretical context: Application of the social cognitive career self-management model.

The Career Indecision Profile (CIP; Brown et al., 2012) is an empirically derived measure tapping common sources of career indecision: interpersonal conflict, neuroticism/negative affect, lack of readiness, and choice/commitment anxiety. We adapted the social cognitive model of career self-management (Lent & Brown, 2013) to provide a theoretical structure for these sources of indecision, focusing on how they interrelate and jointly predict career decision progress. Supplementing the CIP's focus on negative decisional influences, the social cognitive model included positive sources of career decidedness, in particular, self-efficacy, mastery experiences, and positive emotions related to decision-making. Three hundred sixty-five college students completed the short form of the CIP (Xu & Tracey, 2017), along with measures of career decision self-efficacy, prior experiences with career decision-making, social barriers, trait conscientiousness and neuroticism, and career decidedness. Factor analytic findings indicated that the CIP's interpersonal conflict, negative affect, and lack of readiness items loaded together with conceptually similar social cognitive, barrier, and personality scales, with lack of readiness items divided between self-efficacy and conscientiousness factors. A path analysis, couching the CIP factors in terms of the career self-management model, provided good fit to the data and accounted for substantial portions of the variance in decisional discomfort (choice/commitment anxiety) and levels of career decidedness. We consider implications of the findings for the study of career decision-making and for practical ways to promote it. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).